The article discusses using a special reactor to turn wood waste and sugar by-products into bio-oil and bio-char. The goal was to improve the design of the reactor for better efficiency. By heating the biomass to high temperatures, the researchers were able to create bio-oil, which can be used as a fuel or in the chemical industry. The solid residue left behind, called bio-char, can help with climate change when mixed with soil. The researchers found that by making design changes and using nitrogen gas, they could optimize the process and produce better results.