Stomata on guava leaves control the exchange of gases with the air, affecting how the plant takes in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and releases water through transpiration. The number of stomata on the leaves is linked to how well the plant can exchange gases. More stomata mean better gas exchange. The researchers found that guava plants with more stomata had higher rates of photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation, but lower transpiration rates. This means that the number of stomata can help predict how well guava plants will grow in different environments. The study shows that the number of stomata on guava leaves is important for how efficiently the plant uses carbon and water.