Patent claims are crucial in patent cases, helping to determine infringement, validity, and originality. There are two types of claims: independent (stand alone) and dependent (based on others). Axiomatic design theory uses axioms, corollaries, and theorems to connect functional needs to physical design. In an ideal design, the number of design parameters matches functional requirements, keeping them independent. Redundant designs have more parameters than needed, while coupled designs can be separated by choosing different parameters. The concept of constructing patent claims with Axiomatic Design involves independent claims in ideal designs and dependent claims in separated designs.