The article discusses how the water and wastewater sector in Sweden is working to reduce environmental pollution by implementing strategies known as 'upstream work'. This involves various methods like mapping out industries, water sampling, and public information campaigns to prevent pollution from reaching treatment plants. The study compares 'upstream work' with source control to improve pollution control efforts. Tools and approaches are highlighted to help organizations manage pollution effectively. By expanding 'upstream work' to cover the entire urban water cycle, steps towards more sustainable urban water management are being taken.