The scientists studied how heat moves through the groundwater in a specific area in Austria. They used a new method to create a 3D model of this heat transport based on air temperatures and different types of land use. By comparing their model to actual measurements, they found that the heat from buildings and different land surfaces affects groundwater temperatures. They also discovered that the model can help manage the use of groundwater for heating or cooling purposes. This research can help optimize how we use the ground for thermal activities and understand how our actions impact groundwater temperatures.