This article delves into how ancient rock layers reveal cycles of climate change over millions of years. By examining sediments and fossils, researchers can see long-term patterns of warming and cooling. Some extreme warming events, like the one 250 million years ago and another 55 million years ago, drastically affected life on Earth. These insights show us vast climate changes unfolding over deep time, providing a broader view compared to modern climate studies. While this ancient climate information offers a big-picture perspective, it may not provide the specific, localized details needed by policymakers to prepare for future climate challenges.