Coal is a vital fuel source globally, known for its ability to generate energy. Scientists examine coal's properties like what it's made of and how it looks to understand it better. Coal is used in power plants, metal production, and creating chemicals. Additionally, it can be changed into cleaner fuels through processes like coal gasification and liquefaction. However, one downside is that burning and using coal can harm the environment. The researchers delve into coal's origins, chemical makeup, and preparation methods. They focus on ways to make coal cleaner by removing sulfur and boosting its quality. So, it's essential to find ways to minimize coal's impact on the environment while still benefiting from its energy-generating capabilities.