Large-scale forest restoration is being pursued to improve ecosystem services, but the best reforestation methods are unclear. Planting a moderate number of species with appropriate traits can generate many ecosystem services. The diversity of species in restored forests is important, but the location and extent of reforestation also play a significant role. Encouraging diverse plantings at landscape scales and key locations will require balancing national and local goals. New monitoring and assessment methods are needed for successful large-scale restoration efforts.