A study in Islamabad, Pakistan looked at different ways of preparing soil for growing maize in the spring of 2013. They found that using deep tillage led to the highest maize yield compared to other methods. Deep tillage also required more energy but resulted in the most energy gained overall. On the other hand, using no-till required the least energy but had the lowest maize yield. Overall, deep tillage was the most effective method for growing maize in this study.