The researchers compared the effects of magnesium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide on soil pH, EC, and exchangeable cation distribution. They found that magnesium hydroxide increased soil pH, but its effect was limited due to low solubility. Magnesium sulfate lowered soil pH through the depth of the soil. Both treatments increased soil EC, with magnesium sulfate showing a more pronounced effect. Exchangeable Mg increased in both treatments at the surface layer. Magnesium sulfate was more effective in replacing exchangeable Ca throughout the soil depth.