Land use changes in the Fincha’a watershed in Ethiopia have impacted soil quality indicators like bulk density, soil water content, pH, organic matter, and nutrient levels. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen decreased with depth, while bulk density and clay content increased. Irrigated land had higher pH but lower organic matter and nitrogen levels. Soil fertility management practices and irrigation influenced soil quality attributes. More than 50% of indicators increased with depth, possibly due to irrigation water leaching. Waterlogging and soil compaction were identified as main degradation processes in the area.