Sphagnum riparium is a rare plant found in peatlands in the Northern Hemisphere. It thrives in wet conditions and is often seen in transitional areas between rich fens and boggy environments. Testate amoebae indicate that Sphagnum riparium prefers moderately wet habitats. While it is a temporary species in peatlands, it is widespread in sub-arctic and boreal regions. The presence of Sphagnum riparium in peat profiles suggests wet minerotrophic conditions and a rise in water levels. Its conservation depends on the existence of short-lived transitional communities that can be artificially created.