Direct seeded rice cultivation is a new method that can help Nepal achieve self-sufficiency in rice production by 2020. This technique reduces water and labor use by 50% and increases productivity by 5-10% compared to traditional transplanting methods. It also helps in adapting to climate change and reduces methane gas emissions. However, weed infestation is a major challenge that can lead to significant yield losses. Weed control in direct seeded rice can be done using chemicals, hand weeding, or the stale seed bed method. Overall, direct seeded rice cultivation offers a promising opportunity to improve water and environmental sustainability in rice production.