International free trade is a major global issue in the 21st century, with some countries supporting trade liberalization while others prefer protectionism. New generation free trade agreements aim to balance free trade, local values, and economic interests. These agreements address issues like environmental and labor standards, international investment protection, regulatory coordination, and trade dispute resolution. The interaction between free trade and public interest is crucial in shaping international economic relations. Regulatory sovereignty and protectionism are key factors in this debate.