The researchers used a hydrological model called SWAT to predict future runoff in the Upper Narmada River basin at Patan. By analyzing data from the watershed, they found that the model accurately estimated the amount of water flowing through the area. The results showed that there was a decrease in mean flow discharge between the periods of 1996-2005 and 2016-2050, indicating a potential reduction in water availability in the future. This study is important for understanding how changes in precipitation can impact water resources in the region.