The study looked at how sugarcane farming has changed in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra, India, from 1970 to 2015. They found that more land was used for sugarcane in Uttar Pradesh than in Maharashtra, but Maharashtra had higher productivity. Both states saw increases in sugarcane area, production, and productivity due to new technology and farming methods. In Uttar Pradesh, sugarcane area, production, and productivity increased by 1.20%, 2.27%, and 1.20% respectively, while in Maharashtra, they increased by 4.10%, 3.80%, and -0.2% respectively. Overall in India, sugarcane area, production, and productivity grew by 1.6%, 2.5%, and 0.9% respectively. Additionally, sugar exports increased by 3.04% and imports by 18.84%.