Intraspecific competition dominates plant communities, shaping stable coexistence dynamics.
In plant communities, competition between plants is stronger within the same species than between different species. This was found by analyzing 39 studies on plant interactions. When both types of competition were negative, intraspecific competition was four to five times stronger on average. In most cases, intraspecific competition and interspecific facilitation were present, which helps plants coexist. This pattern was more pronounced in observational studies, field studies, and studies that looked at full life cycle growth. Overall, this shows that plants have ways to peacefully coexist in their communities.