The article discusses ways to make JSC “Russian Railways” more competitive in the transport sector. It highlights the importance of rail transport in Russia due to its ability to transport goods and passengers efficiently over long distances. The main focus is on identifying problems in managing competitiveness and trends in competition. One key risk is a decrease in the volume of goods transported, which can impact profits and infrastructure. To improve efficiency, the article suggests focusing on transport logistics and financial management. It also recommends forming partnerships for innovation and expanding services. Deregulation of the transport sector and state support for innovation are seen as necessary steps to enhance competitiveness.