Land managers in Mediterranean forests and rangelands can help ecosystems bounce back from disturbances like wildfires and heavy rain by using specific land management practices. However, dealing with droughts is more challenging, and some practices are less effective when faced with these conditions. Planting trees can be difficult after disturbances, but practices that reduce vegetation can help ecosystems recover. It's tough to simultaneously increase resilience to both droughts and fires. Practices that focus on mitigating land use impacts don't always improve resilience. Sites that prioritize addressing disturbances in their management plans show the most effective practices for resilience.