China's industrialization: self-strengthening movement against foreign influences.
China's industrialization from 1874 to 1927 was driven by internal factors like the weak agrarian economy, not just external influences from Western countries. Statistical analysis shows that China's industrialization was a response to foreign pressures and the need to strengthen its own economy. This challenges the idea that industrialization should follow a specific path, like Rostow's stages of growth theory. The study suggests that China's industrialization was a self-strengthening movement in a colonized economy, highlighting the importance of considering historical context in understanding economic development.