The study looked at the characteristics of a type of soil called cambisols in Sao Desiderio City, Bahia, Brazil. They wanted to understand how the landscape affects the formation of these soils and how they are used. By analyzing soil samples in the lab, they found that the clayey texture and local weather patterns play a big role in the soil's fertility. The presence of cracks in the soil can be both good for fertility but also bad for farming and can lead to erosion during heavy rains.