Fuzzy mathematics was used to study forest communities in Xiaowutai Mountain. The analysis classified 148 quadrats into 16 plant communities based on 392 plant species. The results showed how different environmental factors like altitude, slope, soil conditions, and disturbance affect the distribution of plant communities. Altitude was found to have the greatest impact on the distribution of forest communities. This study helps us understand how different factors influence the diversity and distribution of plant species in mountain forests.