Geothermal energy comes from heat within the earth and can be used for heating, cooling, electricity, and more. It is reliable, eco-friendly, and not affected by weather. Research shows that geothermal systems can store heat for future use, making them renewable. This study gives an overview of geothermal heating and cooling systems, including district energy, ground source heat pumps, and heat exchangers. Understanding these systems can help improve their design and implementation.