The researchers studied how earthworms can turn rice straw, grass, and cow manure into valuable compost. They found that a mix of rice straw and grass produced the most compost, with all essential nutrients for plants. The process involved keeping the temperature between 0-35°C, humidity high, and pH levels stable. After 120 days, the vermicompost was ready for use as a natural fertilizer, helping farmers grow healthier crops without chemicals.