The article explores how one-step M-estimators behave when dealing with different types of data. The researchers found conditions for these estimators to be normally distributed in the long run. They also showed that these estimators can work well even with some limitations on the initial estimates. Additionally, they looked at how well the solution to the M-equation matches the actual parameter being estimated. The researchers applied these findings to examples in nonlinear regression to show how one-step estimators can be useful in practice.