Ground temperatures in Mongolia's permafrost areas were studied at 69 sites. Permafrost is continuous in the north and patchy in the south. Factors like topography, ice content, and tree cover influence ground temperatures. Permafrost is usually between -1 and 0°C, colder in the north and at high elevations. Some permafrost is not affected by seasonal air temperature changes. Cold, responsive permafrost is common in the north, while warm, less responsive permafrost is found in the south. Permafrost in colder regions is stable due to climate, while permafrost in warmer regions is degrading due to ecosystem changes.