The study looked at how human activities are affecting the benefits nature provides us, like clean water and fertile soil. Using detailed data, the researchers found that in Spain, intense farming and protected areas are at odds, causing a drop in essential ecosystem services. They pinpointed areas where farming impacts other services negatively. The findings highlight the need for a better plan to manage Spain's landscapes that considers all the ways nature helps us and the establishment of a new national authority to oversee ecosystem service protection.