The study looked at how well wheat plants can handle different levels of water stress by analyzing their photosynthetic abilities. They found that the chlorophyll content remained stable under all conditions, while carotenoids increased only with soil drought. The maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis was the most resilient parameter, and minimal fluorescence yield was sensitive to atmospheric drought. Nonphotochemical quenching decreased with water stress, but fast light curve parameters increased with stress levels. These findings suggest that certain photosynthetic parameters can be used to quickly and non-invasively assess the health of wheat plants under drought conditions.