The article explores the connection between economic growth, financial development, trade openness, and CO2 emissions in European countries from 1985 to 2014. The researchers used statistical models to analyze the data and found that there is a two-way relationship between economic growth and financial development, trade openness, and CO2 emissions. They also discovered evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve, which suggests that economic growth initially leads to increased pollution but eventually decreases it. Additionally, the study confirmed a feedback loop between trade openness and financial development, as well as a neutral relationship between CO2 emissions and financial development. Overall, the findings show complex interactions between these factors in European countries.