Constructed wetlands clean village wastewater, saving lives and marine ecosystems.
Municipal wastewater from Majeed Keerio village was treated using a horizontal flow constructed wetland system. The system effectively removed organic pollutants, reducing COD by 92.3%, BOD5 by 93%, TSS by 96%, turbidity by 96.4%, total phosphate by 96%, and total nitrogen by 74%. It also eliminated thermotolerant coliforms. The constructed wetland was shown to be a cost-effective method for treating domestic wastewater, with higher hydraulic retention times leading to better pollutant removal efficiency.