The article explores how welding flange slabs onto circular steel pipes affect the jacking forces needed during construction. The researchers developed theoretical formulas based on pressure arch and elastic foundation beam theories to calculate the increase in jacking forces. They tested these formulas with field data from the Olympic Metro Station in China and found that they produced accurate results with minor errors. The study highlights the importance of considering flange slabs when predicting jacking forces and selecting hydraulic jacks for construction projects.