The study looked at how academic achievement, self-belief, and perfectionism relate to procrastination in university students. They found that higher grades, self-confidence, and healthy perfectionism are linked to less procrastination, while unhealthy perfectionism is linked to more procrastination. Self-confidence is connected to both types of perfectionism. Unhealthy perfectionism predicts procrastination, while good grades, self-confidence, and healthy perfectionism predict less procrastination. Self-confidence and different types of perfectionism play a role in the relationship between grades and procrastination.