The article discusses different types of altruism: helping others for personal gain, helping others for their benefit, and sacrificing for the benefit of others. Altruism can involve actions like volunteering, donating, or helping neighbors. People may be motivated by self-interest or a desire to help others. Evolutionary theories suggest that altruistic behavior can benefit the altruist in the long run or their genes or group. Humans show a mix of innate and learned altruistic behaviors, helping not only their own group but also strangers.