Water and sewage management in rural Poland has improved significantly since the 1990s. More sewage and water supply networks have been built, and sewage treatment plants have increased. The quality of tap water and wastewater treatment has gotten better. However, only 42% of rural people have access to a sewerage system, which is not enough. Closed-system septic tanks are a big environmental problem, but they are being replaced by better wastewater treatment systems. The researchers suggest that more work needs to be done to improve wastewater management in rural areas.