The researchers studied how the photosynthetic properties of different Tartary buckwheat cultivars affect their yield potential. They found that cultivars with higher leaf chlorophyll and protein content, as well as better photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and stomatal conductance, produced more dry matter and had higher yields. These high-yielding cultivars maintained better photosynthetic capacity and delayed leaf aging during grain formation, leading to increased biomass accumulation and ultimately higher grain yield. Maintaining high leaf chlorophyll and protein content, along with strong photosynthetic capacity, was crucial for achieving high yields in Tartary buckwheat.