The study looked at different countries in Europe to see how well their agricultural industries were doing between 2010 and 2016. They compared things like how much money the industry made, how efficient it was, and how many workers were needed. The EU-12 countries did better in increasing productivity and income compared to the EU-28 countries. While the money earned and value added by the industry dropped slightly, the net income for workers went up because of increased subsidies. In the bigger EU-28 group, the income for workers also increased, but most of it was used to improve farming technology.