The article explores how smart grids and buildings can work together efficiently through a game theory approach. By using a strategic analysis tool called Stackelberg game, the researchers developed interaction strategies to optimize grid profit and reduce demand fluctuation, while also minimizing building electricity bills. Real data from buildings in Hong Kong validated the strategies, showing an 8% increase in grid profit, a 40% decrease in demand fluctuation, and savings of 2.5–8.3% in electricity bills for buildings. An enhanced robust interaction strategy was also proposed to handle uncertainty in building demand baseline, effectively mitigating negative effects.