The study looked at how different types of models affect estimates of the costs of reducing carbon emissions in Italy. They found that models with more detailed information on technology and regions can give lower estimates of costs compared to simpler models. Specifically, including regional details had a bigger impact on the estimates than including details about electricity technology. This means that when using these models to assess the impact of carbon policies, it's important to consider these uncertainties. The findings can be applied to other countries and policies, showing that factors like trade within a country and specialization in different sectors play a big role in the economic outcomes of carbon mitigation efforts.