The article discusses how childhood cancer survivors may face infertility due to their treatment. It emphasizes the importance of talking about fertility risks and options before starting cancer treatment. For teenagers and young adults, sperm banking is the best way to preserve fertility. If they can't produce sperm, other methods like testicular sperm extraction can be used. For younger patients, there are experimental options to save spermatogonial stem cells that could potentially restore fertility in the future. It's crucial to talk about fertility preservation when a child is diagnosed with cancer, and sperm preservation should be offered to teenagers and young adults at risk of infertility from treatment.