The article discusses the fisheries sector in São Tomé and Príncipe, highlighting its potential and obstacles. It suggests policy recommendations to address these obstacles and ensure sustainable management of resources. The fishing sector in STP is important for economic and social development, but resources are likely over-exploited. Coastal marine resources around São Tomé island are showing signs of full or overexploitation. To improve the status of fish stock, data collection and research are needed. Sustainable management requires a reinforced legal framework, governance, enforcement, and potential development of co-management systems between STP authorities and fishing communities.