Scientists used 3D X-ray imaging to study the structure of a type of diatom called Coscinodiscus sp. They found that by using a special technique called holotomography with very small voxel size, they could see detailed information about the different parts of the diatom's shell. They focused on measuring the size of pores in certain areas of the diatom and estimated the thickness of the walls. The study revealed that the walls in the center of the diatom form a pattern of hexagons with some pentagons, which helps fill the space in a 3D shape.