The study looked at how climate change and human activities affect water and sediment in the Jinsha River Basin from 1960 to 2015. They found that both runoff and sediment load decreased significantly in the past two decades, with the biggest drop happening after 2006 for runoff and 2002 for sediment. Climate change was the main reason for less water flow, while human actions like building big dams were responsible for most of the decrease in sediment. Two large dams, Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba, trapped almost 90% of the sediment since 2013.