The researchers studied how using salty water for irrigation affects soil, gas emissions, and crop yield. They tested different levels of saltiness in the water on maize crops in China. They found that using saltier water made the soil more salty and alkaline. It also increased gas emissions from the soil. Using saltier water reduced the maize yield, especially in 2018. However, using slightly salty water did not affect the yield much in 2017. Overall, using less salty water for irrigation can help reduce gas emissions, improve soil quality, and increase crop yield.