The article explores how three authors, Graham Greene, Thomas Pynchon, and William Burroughs, approach politics in their novels. They focus on how politics and society are influenced by conflicting ideals and cultural diversity. The authors portray politics on a personal level, emphasizing themes like alienation and self-determination. They challenge traditional political novel conventions by avoiding heroic characters, clear moral frameworks, and political ideologies. Instead, they question the meaning of liberty and criticize bureaucratic and political forces. The novels highlight the complexities of democracy and the negative impact of oppressive bureaucracies. The authors also critique microcultural groups that define political representation based on cultural identity.