The article investigates different ways to store compressed air for energy storage systems. It looks at using underground salt caverns and proposes two new methods: a hybrid system with liquid air storage and a rigid underwater containment. The researchers used computer models to predict how these storage methods would behave under different conditions. They found that temperature changes in the salt caverns can cause stress, making them more likely to fail. The hybrid system could achieve a roundtrip efficiency of around 50%, while the underwater containment showed bending loads in the shell during air storage.