Social Sciences
5 years ago

Failed German Revolution of 1918/1919 shapes Cold War identities.

Palgrave studies in the history of social movements
Remembering the Revolution: Neo-Marxist Interpretations of the German Revolution 1918/1919—A Challenge for Cold War Historiography
Ralf Hoffrogge

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The article discusses how the memory of the German Revolution of 1918/1919 was interpreted differently during the Weimar Republic and the Cold War. The New Marxist Left in West Germany viewed it as a failed revolution or a "revolution betrayed", while liberal and social democratic authors saw it as a success story that established the first German democracy. The Workers' Councils and the Spartacus League were associated with post-1949 State Socialism. The East German Socialist Unity Party claimed to have fulfilled the demands of 1918. The Cold War context influenced the interpretation of the revolution, leading young radicals in West Germany to rely on pre-war historical publications for guidance.