Canada and the United States have struggled to meet their climate change targets due to their reliance on fossil fuels and opposition from industries and voters. Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have been inconsistent, with leadership changes affecting progress. Democratic presidents in the U.S. have faced challenges from Republican successors, while Canadian governments have been concerned about competitiveness with the U.S. Despite these obstacles, Canada has committed to meeting its targets under the Paris Agreement, even with the U.S. reversing its commitment.