The article looks at why people are unemployed in OECD countries in the 21st century. They studied things like the economy, labor policies, and job contracts. They found that high replacement rates, taxes, and real interest rates can increase unemployment. But spending on job programs, temporary contracts, and a strong economy can lower unemployment. They also looked at how these factors work together, but it didn't change much. The size of the public sector didn't seem to affect unemployment.