Urban Stormwater Quality Poses Contamination Risks for Groundwater Recharge
Urban stormwater can be used to recharge groundwater, but it may contain pollutants that can harm water quality and clog infiltration systems. The main pollutants found in stormwater are total suspended particles, organic matter, nutrients, and metals. Iron poses the highest contamination risk, followed by zinc and manganese. Biological clogging risk is highest in road stormwater due to nitrogen levels, while chemical clogging risk is highest in road stormwater due to iron content.