The article discusses using geothermal energy near the surface to produce heat and cold efficiently. This renewable energy source is independent of weather conditions and is becoming more popular. Heat pumps are modern alternatives to traditional power plants, with higher efficiency and lower maintenance costs. The study shows that using near-surface geothermal energy can affect the temperature of the ground and groundwater, potentially impacting neighboring lands. This could lead to changes in land value and the need for regulations to address these issues.